Kuyintokozo enkulu kimi ukwethula Iqhinga Lokuqhuba umsebenzi oqondene neNqubomgomo yeziLimi zikaZwelonke eyethulwe nguNgqongqoshe. Inqubomgomo yeziLimi zikaZwelonke iwumphumela wokubonisana okubanzi okwaqala ngonyaka ka 1995 lapho kwaqokwa khona Ithimba Lokubhekela Ezolimi (LANGTAG). Iqhinga lokuqhuba umsebenzi leneka amaqhinga ayosetshenziswa ekufezeni ngempela Inqubomgomo yeziLimi, ukuphakamisa izinhlaka eziyoba nqala ekusebenzeni kwayo nemizamo eyosetshenziswa ukuqhubela phambili intuthuko nokukhuthaza izilimi zethu zoMdabu zaseAfrika.
Uhulumeni uyayiqonda inselelo ebandakanya ukuphatha ngendlela efanele ukwehlukana ngezilimi. Yiso lesi sizathu esenza Iqhinga Lokuqhuba umsebenzi liphakamise inqubo emukela uguquko nesimo esihlose inqubekela phambili. Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhuthaza nokuthuthukisa izilimi zethu kubonakala njengomgogodla wemibandela yeNqubomgomo yeziLimi, Iqhinga lokuqhuba umsebenzi lifuna kusungulwe inqalasizinda yolimi namalinge afanele okugxilisa ngempela ukusetshenziswa kwezilimi eziningi eMisebenzini yoMphakathi. Ngakho, umbimbi esisebenzisana nalo ezingeni likazwelonke, ezifundazweni nakohulumeni basekhaya luyodlala indima eqavile ekuqiniseni ukuthi Inqubomgomo yeziLimi isebenza ngempumelelo.
Uma sicabanga ukuthi inselelo esibhekene nayo njengoHulumeni ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi izakhamizi zithola izinsiza ngokushesha nokuthi ulimi yisikhali sokuxhumana nomphakathi, kuyacaca ukuthi Inqubomgomo yeziLimi kufanele iqale ukusebenza ngokuphuthuma.
Ngaleyo ndlela, ngifisa ukucela bonke esisebenzisana nabo kuhlangene nezakhiwo zikahulumeni neminyango kanjalo neSigungu seziLimi zoMdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika ukuba siqinisekise ukuthi leli Qhinga lokuqhuba umsebenzi liguqula ukusetshenziswa kwezilimi ezehlukene isimo esiyiqiniso ezakhamizini zonke zaseNingizimu Afrika.
Leli Qhinga Lokuqhuba umsebenzi liyingxenye yoHlaka Lwenqubomgomo kaZwelonke yoLimi (NLPF) olunika igunya imibandela yolimi njengoba ibekwe esigabeni 6 soMthethosisekelo ka 1996 (Umthetho uNo. 108 ka 1996). Uma seliphelele, umgodla wonke uyoqukatha Umbiko weNqubomgomo yeziLimi, Iqhinga Lokuqhuba umsebenzi, Umthetho ohlongozwayo weziLimi nemigomo yakhona kanjalo noMthetho ohlongozwayo woMkhandlu woNgcweti beziLimi zaseNingizimu Afrika.
Iqhinga lokuqhuba umsebenzi lethulwa njengesiphakamiso esemukela ukuguqulwa nalapho kungachitshiyelwa khona ngezakhiwo namalinge athile okukhuthaza izilimi ezahlukene.
Umbiko weNqubomgomo yeNLPF wamenyezelwa nguNgqongqoshe wezoBuciko namaSiko, iSayense nobuChwepheshe ngomhla-ka 3 kuZibandlela ngo-2002. Umkhandlu wesiShayamthetho wemukela lombiko ngomhla-ka 12 Nhlolanja 2003. Inqubomgomo iqonde ukukhuthaza ukusebenzisa ngendlela efanayo izilimi eziyishumi nanye ezisemthethweni ngenhloso yokugqugquzela ukufinyelela emisebenzini kahulumeni, ulwazi nemininingwane kanjalo nokuhlonipha amalungelo olimi. Lezi zinhloso zincike empumelelweni yokukhuthaza nokuthuthukiswa kwezilimi zomdabu ezazincishwe ithuba. Ngesizathu sokuthi ulimi yisikhali sokuxhumana ezimpilweni zabantu nomphakathi, kusemqoka ukudala amaqhinga okuqondisa amaphutha okungalingani adaleka ngesikhathi esedlule.
Iqhinga lokuqhuba umsebenzi liveza imininingwane ephathelene nezakhiwo namacebo adingekayo okwenza iNqubomgomo yeziLimi nomthelela wesabelo sezimali eminyangweni kazwelonke nezifundazwe isebenze ngempumelelo.
Inqubomgomo icacile ngobubanzi bokwenza lokhu okunqunyiwe. Zonke izakhiwo zikahulumeni (uzwelonke, isifundazwe nohulumeni wasekhaya) baboshezelwe yimibandela yeNqubomgomo kanjalo nanoma yiziphi izikhungo ezisebenzisa amandla noma eziqhuba umsebenzi womphakathi ngokulandela imigomo yomthetho.
Umnyango ngamunye noma Isifundazwe singaziqokela ulimi lwaso lwasemsebenzini. Kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi akekho umuntu onqatshelwa ukusebenzisa olwakhe ulimi. Uma kwenzeka kuba nesidingo sokuhumusha noma sokuguqulela kolunye ulimi umbhalo othile, lokhu kuyokwenziwa.
Maqondana nokuxhumana ngendlela ebhaliwe, kufanele kulandelwe uhlelo lokushicilela oluphawula ngokusetshenziswa kwezilimi ezahlukene (kummele kubhekelwe umsebenzi, abalaleli nomlayezo) kulezo zimo ezingadingi ukushicilela ngazo zonke izilimi eziyishumi nanye. Uma izinga elithile likahulumeni lifuna ukwedlulisa ngendlela enzulu ulwazi, kufanele lishicilele ulwazi ngazo zonke izilimi eziyishumi nanye ezisemthethweni.
Ngaphansi kwezimo lapho imibhalo kahulumeni ingeke itholakale ngezilimi eziyishumi nanye ezisemthethweni, iminyango kahulumeni kazwelonke kuyommele ishicilele umbhalo ngasikhathi sinye, okungenani ngezilimi eziyisithupha.
Inkambiso yokunikana ithuba kufanele isebenze lapho kuqokwa izilimi emaqoqweni abeNguni nabeSuthu. Umbandela ommile okufanele ulandelwe wukuthi okungenani iminyango kahulumeni kazwelonke inqunyelwe ukushicilela imibhalo esemthethweni ngezilimi eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu.
Inkambiso yokunikana ithuba ayisebenzi ezifundazweni ngenxa yokuthi zinegunya lokusebenzisa izilimi eziqokwe yizo.
Iminyango yohulumeni baseKhaya iyonquma ukusetshenziswa kolimi olufunwa wumphakathi ngokulandela umgudu omiswe wuhlaka lwenqubomgomo yolimi esifundazweni. Ngemuva kokunquma ulimi oluyosetshenziswa nolufunwa ngumphakathi, ohulumeni basekhaya kufanele bathuthukise, bashicilele futhi babone ukuthi inqubomgomo yezilimi ezahlukene iyenzeke, lokhu kummele kwenziwe ngokubonisana kakhulu nomphakathi.
Ezincwadini zomsebenzi ezisemthethweni, ulimi oluqokwe yisakhamuzi yilona okufanele lusetshenziswe. Lonke uhlobo lwenkulumo kufanele lwenziwe ngolimi olusemthethweni oluqokelwe labo bantu noma indawo. Uma kunesidingo, kufanele kwenziwe yonke imizamo yokusebenzisa izinsiza zolimi ezifana nokuhumusha (ukulandela ngemuva ngenkulumo, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngocingo noma ukuhumusha ngokuhleba.) uma ikhona indlela. Lokhu kusebenza eminyangweni kahulumeni kwizifundazwe nakuzwelonke.
Inqubo yokwenza okunqunyiwe iholwa yizinjongo nezinhloso ezibekwe kwiNqubomgomo. Lezi zindawo ezilandelayo yilezo okuyogxilwa kuzo kakhulu.
a Intuthuko yezilimi zendabuko kuhlangene nokusungula inqalasizinda nokuthuthukisa imikhiqizo efana nezichazimazwi namagama olimi.
b Ukuqinisa isibophezelo sikahulumeni ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa ukuthi imihlomulo yokwethulwa kwemisebenzi yomphakathi isatshalaliswa ngendlela elinganayo ngokunika zonke izakhamizi ithuba lokufinyelela kuyo, akukhathalekile ukuthi usebenzisa luphi ulimi, inqobo nje ukukhuphula iqhaza labo nokuzwakalisa izwi ezindabeni zikahulumeni.
c Ukuphathwa kwezilimi ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni zithola ithuba lokusebenza nokugqamisa isithunzi sikaHulumeni.
d Ukugqugquzela ukufundwa kolimi, ikakhulu oluqondene nezidingo zeMisebenzi yoMphakathi, ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokwenza imisebenzi yomphakathi negalelo emsebenzini nokuveza obala imihlomulo yokusetshenziswa kwezilimi ezahlukene.
e Ukugqugquzela intshumayelo enamandla ngokwehlukana ngezilimi neqhaza labantu abanentshisekelo ngezilimi nabalo abathintekayo.
a Ukuqalisa ngeNqubomgomo kuyongeniswa ngezikhawu, lokhu kuyokwenzeka ngesikhathi eside ngokwemukelekile.
b Inqubo yokuqalisa iNqubomgomo iyokwenzeka ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe nezinkomba ezilawulekayo.
c Amandla angaphakathi okuzenzela ayobumbeka ngezikhawu ukuze umsebenzi wokuqhubeka kwenqubomgomo ufezeke ngempumelelo nangendlela enegalelo.
d Impumelelo yokusebenza kwenqubomgomo iyodinga ushintsho esikweni lokusebenzisa izilimi ezisemthethweni ezakhiweni zikahulumeni ukuze kube nesiqiniseko sokuthi izilimi zendabuko zisetshenziswa ngendlela enomfutho ezindabeni eziningi.
e Ukuphatha ngendlela efanele izinsiza kuyobaluleka ngoba umthamo wesidingo sokuhumusha nokulungisa amaphutha embhalweni siyokhula, ikakhulu ezilimini zomdabu zase-Afrika.
f Okuyokleliswa eqhulwini kuyoba ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokuguqulela kolunye ulimi imibhalo, ukulungisa amaphutha emibhalweni yolimi, ukuhumusha, ukuchaza amazwi nehlelo lamagama olimi.
g Inqubekela phambili yokusebenza kweNqubomgomo iyohlaziywa ngezikhathi ezithile ngokusebenzisana kakhulu neSigungu seziLimi zoMdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika PanSALB. Imibiko egcwele yalezi zivivinyo iyoshicilelwa embhalweni.
h Ucwaningo ngokusetshenziswa kolimi luyojutshwa uma sikhona isidingo sokucebisa nokusiza izinqumo nomsebenzi wokuqhuba iNqubomgomo.
INingizimu Afrika yikhaya lenqwaba yamasiko nezilimi ezahlukene. Isilinganiso sithi lapha ezweni kunezilimi ezibalelwa emashumini amabili nesihlanu ezikhulunywayo, kulesi sibalo, eziyishumi nanye sezinikwe isithunzi sokuba semthethweni ngokulandisa kwesigaba 6 soMthethosisekelo.
Esinye sezici ezicacile emlandweni wezilimi zaseNingizimu Afrika wukuncishwa amathuba okuqavile kolunye uhlangothi nokuqonela ezinye izilimi okuvelele ngakwenye ingxenye. Inqubomgomo yesikhathi esedlule kwizilimi ezimbili ezazisemthethweni yadala ubudlelwane obungalingani phakathi kolimi lwesiNgisi nesiBhunu (izilimi ezasithathwa kuphela njengalezo ezisemthethweni) nezilimi zoMdabu zaseAfrika. Lokhu kuqonelwa kwalezi zilimi kwaba nomthelela wengcindezi enkulu kubantu abakhuluma izilimi zomdabu uma bexhumana noHulumeni nokufinyelela emisebenzini yakhe, ebulungisweni, emfundweni ngisho nasemathubeni omsebenzi.
Intuthuko yezilimi zase-Afrika ibaluleke kakhulu ekulungiseni isimo sokungalingani. Ifa lengcindezelo yokungathuthuki nokukhishwa inyumbazane kwezilimi esikhathini esedlule maqondana neqophelo elifanaya nokubhalwa kwamagama, ihlelo lamagama olimi nezichazimazwi yinselelo enkulu ebhekene nokusebenza ngempela kweNqubomgomo. Ngaphezulu kwalokhu, umbiko weLANGTAG uphawula ukuthi isimo sentuthuko encane yalezi zilimi yaba nomthelela omubi nosabalale ngisho kubantu abazisebenzisayo lezi zilimi. Ukuqoka isiNgisi nesiBhunu kulandela isithunzi sazo sokusebenzisa nokukhetha amagama olimi.
Inselelo enkulu yokuqhuba umsebenzi wenqubomgomo yimikhuba ekhona njengamanje ehlobene kakhulu nemisebenzi eminingi yesiNgisi kulesi sikhathi sentando yeningi lapha eNingizimu Afrika. IsiNgisi sisetshenziswa kakhulu njengolimi lokuxhumanisa amathimba ehlukene emikhakheni eminingi, isibonelo, ezakhiweni zikahulumeni nasemithonjeni yezindaba (emibhalweni nasohlotsheni lwemibiko yekhompuyutha), endaweni yokusebenza ngokunjalo wulimi olusetshenziswa yikhompuyutha, isayense nobuchwepheshe. Nakuba isiNgisi sihlinzekela ukufinyelela emathubeni omsebenzi nemfundo, ngakolunye uhlangothi luyisikhubekiso ebantwini abangenalo ikhono laso. Nakuba isiNgisi sibonakala njengokhiye ekunyakaziseni ezomnotho nenhlalonhle futhi sithathelwa phezulu, sikhomba ubungozi ekusetshenzisweni nasekugcinweni kwezilimi zendabuko nokwenza umbhidlango wenqubomgomo yokusetshenziswa kwezilimi ezehlukene ube yimpumelelo.
Ubuchule besiNgisi abandile ngendlela elindelwe kanti ukuvumbuka kweqeqebana longcweti baso yinto enokwenzeka. Ucwaningo lukazwelonke lokuhlola ukusetshenziswa kolimi emphakathini olwaqokwa yiPanSALB ngonyaka ka 2000 lukhombisa ukuthi abantu abangaphezulu kwamaphesenti angu 40 eNingizimu Afrika abasiqondisisi kahle isiNgisi. Lolu cwaningo lwaphinde lwathola ukuthi abantu abaningi baseNingizimu Afrika abenelisiwe yindlela izilimi zabo ezisetshenziswa ngayo emkhakheni kahulumeni. Ucwaningo lwathola nokuthi iningi lomphakathi libona kungafinyeleleki kuHulumeni, uma kukhulunywa ngolimi.
Ngaphezulu kwentuthuko yezilimi zoMdabu, kuyobaluleka ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni. Iqhinga lokuqhuba umsebenzi lisombulula lolu daba ngokuhlongoza ukusungula izakhiwo ezithile nokuqagula amacebo okuxazulula lesi simo.
Ukuzwelana nesimo sokuthi umsebenzi wokuqhuba Inqubomgomo uyodinga ukugudluka kancane emisebenzini evamile, kuyosetshenziswa iqhinga elivumela uguquko nokungenisa ngezikhawu inqubomgomo.
a nakuba iyishumi iminyango eyokleliswa phambili ukuze kusungulwe amathimba olimi, yonke iminyango kahulumeni kufanele isungule amathimba olimi.
b Imibhalo elotshwe ngezilimi ezahlukene kufanele ingeniswe ngezikhawu esikhathini esiyiminyaka emithathu ngokulandisa kwezinhlelo zokushicilela zeminyango. Isibonelo, ngonyaka wokuqala, kube ngamaphesenti angu 30, kowesibili amaphesenti angu 60, kowesithathu kube ngamaphesenti angu 100 emibhalo eshicilelwayo.
Izakhiwo namacebo athile axoxwe esigabeni esilandelayo ahlongozelwe ukukhuthaza umsebenzi osuqaliwe. Izakhiwo ziyobaluleka ukuphatha ukusetshenziswa kwezilimi, ukuxhumanisa intuthuko yemisebenzi yezilimi, ukufaka ubungoti nokuqhakambisa iqhaza lemisebenzi yolimi nokuthuthukisa abasebenzi. Iziko leziLimi zikaZwelonke (NLS) engaphansi koMnyango wezoBuciko namaSiko (DAC) iyokhuthaza ukusungulwa kwezakhiwo bese idlala indima yokuxhumanisa maqondana namacebo aqaguliwe. Impumelelo yalo msebenzi iyoncika kakhulu ekubambisaneni nazo zonke izakhiwo zikahulumeni, ezingeni likazwelonke nezifundazwe.
Ngaphezulu kwePanSALB ekhona nenqalasizinda yolimi yeHansard, kufanele kubunjwe izakhiwo zokuphatha uhlelo lokuqhuba umsebenzi weNqubomgomo yeziLimi, lezo zakhiwo ngamaThimba oLimi, Inkundla yeziLimi zikaZwelonke noMkhandlu woNgweti beziLimi zaseNingizimu Afrika.
Isigungu seziLimi zoMdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika i-PanSALB yingosi ewumbimbi neDAC ezindabeni zolimi. Ngakho, idlala indima ephambili ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhuthazeni izilimi ezisemthethweni eNingizimu Afrika kanjalo nolimi lwesiKhoe nesiSan nolimi olusebenzisa Izimpawu lwaseNingizimu Afrika. Imisebenzi ephathelene nokusungulwa kwezakhiwo nemizamo emisha kuyofanele yenziwe ngokusebenzisana kakhulu nePanSALB.
AmaPLCs kuyommele asebenze ngokusondelana nezifundazwe ngezindaba zolimi ezithinta izifundazwe ezithile.
AmaNLUs ayoqhubeka nokusungula izichazimazwi kuzo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni. Kuyofanele asebenze ngokuhambisana neSigaba sokuXhumanisa Ihlelo lamagama Olimi esenganyelwe yiNLS. Imigudu yokubika ngalokho ekwenza namaNLB kuyommele ichazwe ngendlela ecacile.
AmaNLBs awabunjiwe kuphela ngamalunga ancele lolo limi oluthintekayo kodwa isikali esimiselwe wona yigalelo lobungcweti ngoba alindelwe ukweluleka iPanSALB ngezinto eziphathelene nokumisa Iqophelo elifanayo, Isayense Yezichazimazwi, Ihlelo lamagama olimi Nolwazi lwemibhalo. Izigungu zinikwe amagunya athile aqondene nokwemukela incazelo yamazwi namaqophelo olimi.
Ngohlobo lwemisebenzi emiswe emthethweni nangelungelo elikhishiwe, Izishayamthetho zeziFundazwe neNdlu Yezigele zifanele zethule imisebenzi ngazo zonke izilimi eziyishumi nanye ezisemthethweni. Izimo ezifundeni zingaba nomthelela wokunquma izilimi okufanele zisetshenziswe. Ngamanye amazwi, akusho ukuthi izifundazwe kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi zihlinzekele izilimi eziyishumi nanye ezisemthethweni. Amahhovisi kaHansard aseNdlini Yezigele nakwezinye izifundazwe adlala indima eqavile ekwesekeni lesi sibophezelo. Ngakho, kusemqoka ukuba lamahhovisi asebenze ngokusondelana namaThimba Olimi nezakhiwo ezincikile.
Ukusebenza kweNqubomgomo yeziLimi kuyoba nomphumela wokwenyuka kakhulu kwesidingo somsebenzi wezilimi, ikakhulu ukuguqulela kolunye ulimi imibhalo, ukuhumusha, ukulungisa amaphutha emibhalweni nokuthuthukisa ihlelo lamagama olimi. Ngokocwaningo lweDAC lwango 2001, izakhiwo ezingamaphesenti angu 40 zikahulumeni kazwelonke namaphesenti angu 80 ezifundazwe zinamathimba adingida izindaba zokuguqulela kolunye ulimi imibhalo nokulungisa amaphutha emibhalweni. Ubukhulu nomsebenzi wamathimba buyashiyana. Ngokuqala kweNqubomgomo yeziLimi, imibandela ithi yonke iminyango kazwelonke neyohulumeni bezifundazwe kufanele ibe namathimba olimi.
Amathimba olimi aqondene kuphela nokuphatha uhlelo lokusebenza lweNqubomgomo yeziLimi ayosungulwa kuyo yonke iminyango kahulumeni nasezifundazweni zonke.
ngezilimi eziyishumi nanye ezisemthethweni, eminyangweni kahulumeni kazwelonke; noma wolimi oluqokwe yisifundazwe njengolusemthethweni.
Ukwedlulisela kubantu abazimmele umsebenzi wokuguqulela kolunye ulimi umbhalo kuyosingathwa yinqubomgomo yokuguqulela kolunye ulimi umbhalo kanjalo nokulungisa amaphutha kuleyo mibhalo okulindelwe ukuba kuchaze ukukhishwa kwethenda yomsebenzi wokuhumusha nokulungisa amaphutha emibhalweni, okungenani njalo ngemuva kweminyaka emibili.
Amathimba eziLimi ayoba yingxenye ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukuthi izilimi ezisemthethweni ezifunwa yiNqubomgomo yeziLimi zihlala njalo zisetshenziswa. Amathimba ayokweseka imizamo yokuqhuba umsebenzi wokusebenzisa izilimi ezahlukene.
Umsebenzi wala mathimba olimi kuyoba ukusingatha umsebenzi wokuqhuba ukwehlukana ngezilimi emnyangweni othile noma esifundazweni nokuxhumana neminye iminyango ngezindaba zolimi.
Ukugxilisa iNqubomgomo yeziLimi emnyangweni noma esifundazweni.
Ukwenyusa izinga lokuqwasha ngeNqubomgomo yeziLimi neNqubo Yokuziphatha Ngolimi emnyangweni noma esifundazweni.
Ukusingatha nokukhuthaza wonke umsebenzi wokuhumusha nokulungisa amaphutha emibhalweni, akukhathalekile ukuthi kwenziwe ngaphakathi noma unikwa abantu bangaphandle.
Ukufundisisa umbhalo ngenhloso yokulungisa amaphutha nokugaya imibhalo ngezilimi ezisemthethweni.
Ukukhuthaza umsebenzi wokusebenzisa ulimi ngezilimi ezisemthethweni.
Ukweluleka umnyango noma isifundazwe ngokusetshenziswa kolimi (ngokubhaliwe noma ngomlomo).
Ukusingatha nokukhuthaza izinhlelo zokuqeqesha abantu abaqashelwe ukuhumusha, ukulungisa amaphutha emibhalweni nokuthuthukisa ihlelo lamagama olimi nezinhlelo zolimi ngezilimi ezisemthethweni kubasebenzi bomnyango noma besifundazwe.
Ukusebenzisana nezigungu zeDAC nePanSALB (isibonelo, amakomidi olimi ezifundazweni, izigungu zolimi kuzwelonke namathimba ezesayense yezichazimazwi kuzwelonke) ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa ihlelo lamagama olimi.
Ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kolimi oluqondile eMisebenzini yoMphakathi.
Wonke amathimba olimi amiswe yiNqubomgomo kufanele asungulwe ungakapheli unyaka ka 2005.
Kuyosungulwa Inkundla yeziLimi zikaZwelonke eyobunjwa yinxanxathela yabaqokiwe abammele uhulumeni nezakhiwo ezingaxhumene nohulumeni. Inkundla iyohlangana njalo emuva kwezinyanga ezintathu. Iyoxuba abaqokwe ezifundazweni nohulumeni bakazwelonke abayoba yingxenye yenqubo yokungeniswa kancane ngezikhawu kanjalo nePanSALB nezakhiwo zayo. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obungase budingeke, ommele Umkhandlu weziKhungo zokuFunda kuyofanele abambe iqhaza kule Nkundla.
Inhloso yeNkundla yeziLimi wukukhuthaza intshumayelo yenqubomgomo yolimi nezinto eziphathelene nokusebenza kwayo phakathi kongcweti nabaholi bolimi ngaphansi koMnyango wezoBuciko namaSiko. Okuyogxilwa kakhulu kukho wukuxhumanisa izakhiwo ezahlukene zolimi nemisebenzi wokuqhuba umsebenzi weNLPF ngenhloso yokuqinisa igalelo lokudidiyela nokusebenzisa ngendlela egculisayo izinsiza. Le nkundla iyoba yisigcawu sokushiyelana imiqondo nolwazi ngesifiso sokuhlela imisebenzi nezinto ezincikile.
Umsebenzi omkhulu weNkundla kuyoba ukuqapha inqubo yokuqhubeka komsebenzi, ukuhlolisisa nokuklelisa ngezidingo imisebenzi nokuhola umkhankaso. Omunye wemisebenzi yenkundla kuyoba ukuxhumana nokusebenzisana ngezindaba ezithinta ukusebenza kweNqubomgomo yeziLimi. Ngaleyo ndlela, iyogxila kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ihlelo lamagama olimi nemisebenzi yolimi ukuvikela izenzo eziphindekayo nomhlomulo ovelele ezinsizeni ezitshalwe emsebenzini.
Kunesiphakamiso sokuba Inkundla yeziLimi zikaZwelonke yemukelwe ngokusemthethweni.
Umkhandlu uyoqokwa nguNgqongqoshe wezoBuciko namaSiko, Isayense nobuChwepheshe futhi uyoba nomuntu oqokwe yiDAC, DoJ, PanSALB, SAQA noMkhandlu weMfundo Ephakeme nabantu abayisithupha abaqokwe yizinhlangano ezingochwepheshe emkhakheni wokuguqulela kolunye ulimi umbhalo, ukuhumusha, isayenze yezichazimazwi, ihlelo lamagama, ukulungisa amaphutha embhalweni nomthetho. Amalunga oMkhandlu ayohlala esikhundleni iminyaka emihlanu kodwa angakwazi ukushintsha izikhundla noma ukuqashwa kabusha lapho kuphela isikhathi esibekiwe. Umkhandlu uyoba yisigungu somthetho esisungulwe ngoMthetho weNdlu yeZigele.
Inhloso yoMkhandlu Wongcweti beziLimi zaseNingizimu Afrika kuyoba ukuphakamisa isithunzi salo mkhakha nokuvikela iqophelo lomkhiqizo wawo. Uyophinde uvikele amalunga omphakathi asebenzisa umsebenzi wolimi.
Umkhandlu Wongcweti beziLimi zaseNingizimu Afrika uyosingatha uqeqesho, ukwemukelwa kongcweti nokubhaliswa kongcweti bezilimi ngomzamo wokukhuphula isithunzi somkhakha wolimi neqophelo lomkhiqizo wolimi. Lokhu kuyokwenziwa ngokumisa amaqophelo athile. Umkhandlu uyobambisana nezinhlelo zoHlaka Lwamaqophelo eMfundo kuZwelonke (NQF) noMkhandlu Wamaqophelo eMfundo eNingizimu Afrika (SAQA).
Imigudu yokuqhuba umsebenzi weNqubomgomo yeziLimi iyogqugquzelwa wukuthuthukisa ihlelo lamagama olimi, ukuguqulela kolunye ulimi imibhalo nokulungisa amaphutha emibhalweni eguquliwe, ubuchwepheshe bolimi, inqubo yokuziphatha ngolimi, umqulu oqukethe imisebenzi yolimi, ucwaningo-mabhuku nenhlolovo yolimi, imikhankaso yokuqwashisa ngolimi, Umsebenzi Wokuhumusha Ngocingo eNingizimu Afrika, ingodla yokulondoloza ulwazi, intuthuko yeziLimi zeziMpawu, ukufunda ulimi nesabelo sezimali.
Ukusebenza kweNqubomgomo yeziLimi kuyoholela esidingweni esiphezulu sokuguqulela kolunye ulimi imibhalo nokulungisa amaphutha emibhalweni eguquliwe. Ngakho, intuthuko yehlelo lamagama olimi kuyo yonke imikhakha iyoba semqoka kakhulu idinge ukusebenzisana kwabo bonke ababambe iqhaza, amathimba olimi nezigungu zolimi (isibonelo, izakhiwo ezincane zePanSALB ezifana namathimba kazwelonke esayense yezichazimazwi, izigungu zikazwelonke zolimi namakomidi olimi kwizifundazwe). Ingosi Yokuxhumanisa Ihlelo lamagama olimi (TCS) engaphansi kweNLS ngenjongo yokweseka ngokungenela kweNkundla kaZwelonke yoLimi. IDAC iyosungula Ingodla kaZwelonke Yamagama egcinwe kukhumpuyutha ukuze ikhuthaza ukufinyelela nokusabalalisa ihlelo lamagama olimi kuzo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni. Ingodla Yamagama ingatholakala ngokusebenzisa ubunyoninco be-internet futhi lensiza ibuyekezwa okungenani kanye ngenyanga.
Iziko Lezilimi zikaZwelonke limatasatasa nesibalo esithile semisebenzi ngenhloso yokubumba ingodla yehlelo lamagama ezilimi ezahlukene ezihlanganisa imikhakha engafani yolwazi. Lengodla inika ithemba lokuthi kungavela uhlu olusha lwamagama ngokudidiyela izilimi. Ngokwezidingo zabantu abasebenzisa amagama noma izicelo, lolu hlu lwamagama lunganika ulwazi olufana nezincazelo, imisho yezibonelo, ingqikithi nombhalo uma kushicilelwa.
e Umsakazo woMphakathi.
Kuyokhuthazwa ukubambisana namazwe aseMazansi neZwekazi lase-Afrika entuthukweni yezilimi ezigamanxe emingceleni yamanye amazwe.
Njengamanje, kubonakala sengathi isantuleka inqalasizinda yokuguqulela kolunye ulimi umbhalo, ukuhumusha nokulungisa amaphutha embhalweni. Noma amathimba olimi eyodlala indima enqala ekulungiseni lesi simo, kusafanele kuhlolwe igebe phakathi kwezidingo zomsebenzi wolimi namandla okwethula lowo msebenzi.
c Inqubomgomo yokuguqula amagama nokulungisa amaphutha embhalweni.
Imihlahlandlela yokuguqulela kolunye ulimi amagama Nokulungisa amaphutha embhalweni imiselwe ukwethula imihlahlandlela yangaphakathi yokuguqulela kolunye ulimi amagama nokulungisa amaphutha emibhalweni eguquliwe nokuhlola leyo mibhalo enikwe abantu bangaphandle ukuba bayihumushe. Inhlosonqangi wukwenza ngcono iqophelo lomsebenzi ngokwethula umkhiqizo wezinga eliphezulu.
Ukwakha amandla okuzenzela, ikakhulu ekuguquleleni kolunye ulimi amagama, ukuhumusha, izichazimazwi nehlelo lamagama olimi kuyodingeka ekusebenziseni ngempumelelo iNqubomgomo. Uqeqesho maqondana nokusingatha indlela yokusebenzisa ulimi luyolawulwa yizinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezisungulwe yiDAC nePanSALB ngokuhlanganyela nababhaliselwe lo msebenzi.
Ongcweti abavele bebambe iqhaza lokwenza lo msebenzi bangahlelelwa izinhlelo ezihanjelwa ngezikhathu ezithile kanti kungakhishwa nemifundazwe kulabo abasanda kuqashwa nabavele sebewenza lo msebenzi wolimi. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ziyoxuba izifundo ezimfushane, ukuqeqeshwa ngesikhathi usebenza nezinhlelo zokufunda ngokugcwele.
Ukusebenzisana neSAQA, DoE nezikhungo zemfundo ngezinye zezinto ezimqoka ekunciphiseni inkinga yokwentuleka kwabasebenzi abafundele umsebenzi wolimi. Imibandela enqunywe wuHlaka lukaZwelonke Lwamaqophelo eMfundo (NQF) iyolandelwa lapho kudwetshwa noma kwethulwa izinhlelo zokuqeqesha.
Ukuthola nokuthuthukisa ubuciko ebasebenzini bomphakathi olimini abangaluncelanga yisimo esithathwa njengesibucayi uma kubhekwa indlela imisebenzi yomphakathi eyethulwa ngayo. IDAC ngokusebenzisana kakhulu nePanSALB, DoE neDPSA iyosungula imihlomulo yokukhuthaza abasebenzi bomphakathi ukwazi izilimi ezahlukene ngokufunda nokusebenzisa izilimi ezengeziwe.
Ubuchwepheshe kufanele busetshenziswe ekukhuthazeni ukubambisana phakathi kwalabo ababambe iqhaza ezilimini kanjalo nokuthuthukisa izilimi zendabuko. Izinhlelo ezimumethwe ngamakhompuyutha ezifana nezinhlelo zamagama, izinhlelo zokusingatha ihlelo lamagama olimi nezokuhumusha kufanele zihambisane ukuze zikhuthaze ukushiyelana ngamagama nolunye ulwazi phakathi kwamathimba ezilimi nabamdibi nolwazi njengeHansard namathimba kazwelonke esayense yezichazimazwi (NLUs).
Impendulo ngesidingo sokudlondlobalisa intuthuko yezilimi zendabuko, wukuthola nokusingatha uhlobo lwamagama angalotshiwe ephepheni natholakala kwinkulumo. iDAC izibophezele ekwakheni amandla okuzenzela nokuhlinzeka ngenqalasizinda yobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Izilimi zendabuko ziyosekwa ngamaqhinga amasha entuthuko ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe, ukuxhumana nezinsiza.
Inqubo Yokuziphatha ngoLimi kubaSebenzi boMphakathi iyochaza indlela yokukhuluma nokuxhumana nomphakathi ngenhloso yokwenza umsebenzi kahulumeni impumelelo. Inqubo yokuziphatha iyohlonipha inkambiso yomgomo weBatho Pele kuzo zonke izimo lapho iMisebenzi yoMphakathi inesibophezelo sokunika amakhasimende ulwazi oluphelele, oluqondile ngolimi abaluqonda kahle. Inqubo igcizelela ukuthi alikho ikhasimende noma isisebenzi somphakathi esiyocindezelwa noma sephucwe igunya ngenxa yokusebenzisa izilimi ezithile.
IDAC ihlangene neDPSA seyibonisene neminye iminyango kahulumeni iyothuthukisa, isabalalise inqubo ngendlela ehlinzekelwe ngayo nguMthetho weziLimi waseNingizimu Afrika. Ungqongqoshe uyoshicilela imigomo eqondene nenqubo kwiGazethe ungakapheli unyaka ka 2005.
Ngaphezulu kombiko oshicilelwe kwiGazethe, kuyosatshalaliswa omunye umbiko obhalwe ngolimi oluqondakala kalula ukuze kuqinisekwe ukuthi abasebenzi bomphakathi bayazi ngale nqubo.
Kuyosungulwa usomqulu oqukethe imisebenzi yolimi (isibonelo, ingodla enamagama ezikhungo/izinkampani/amathimba olimi, imisebenzi yokuguqulela kolunye ulimi imibhalo, ukulungisa amaphutha emibhalweni nehlelo lamagama olimi, ukuhlela ulimi). Imibhalo efanayo yomqulu oqukethe imisebenzi yolimi iyosatshalaliswa nezinhlaka zikazwelonke nohulumeni bezifundazwe nasezinhlanganweni zolimi kanye nezikhungo zemfundo ephakeme. Le misebenzi iyotholakala nasezikhungweni zeDAC ezitholakala kukhompuyutha, izikhungo zeDAC ziyohlala zinemininingwane emisha. Ukuphatha ngobunyoninco umsebenzi oqhubekayo wenqubomgomo kuyoqina ngokukhipha ulwazi ngezinsiza ezikhona nezinhlaka zolimi.
Kunesidingo sesigcawu noma sohlelo olumiselwe kuphela umsebenzi wokuqoqa nokusabalalisa ulwazi lwenqubomgomo yolimi nezindaba eziphathelene nokuqhuba umsebenzi, imizamo yokuqala into entsha nezinkomba (ikakhulu ezingeni likazwelonke, ezingeni lesiFunda saseMazansi neZwekazi lase-Afrika kuze kufike ezingeni lomhlaba).
Izinhloso wukukhuthaza ukushintshisana ngolwazi, ucwaningo nokubambisana phakathi kwezikhungo ezisingethe ulimi namathimba anentshisekelo. Ngaphezulu kwephephandaba eliphuma njalo ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu, kuyosungulwa isikhungo esitholakala kukhompuyutha esiyoba ngumthombo wezindaba zemisebenzi.
INLS iyofuna ngamandla ulwazi olufanele neminikelo evela kulabo ababambe iqhaza.
Ukuqhubeka nokusebenza ngendlela enamandla kwenqubomgomo kanye nokubuyekeza kudinga imininingwane eqondile ngezimpawu zokusetshenziswa nemikhuba yolimi ngenhloso yokuqagula amandla nobuthakathaka beNqubomgomo nokulandelela inqubekela phambili. Ucwaningo nokuphenya ngolimi kuyokwenziwa ngokusebenzisana kakhulu nezigungu ezifanele zolimi ezifana nePanSALB nezikhungo zokucwaninga kanye nentuthuko. Imiphumela etholwe kulolu cwaningo iyosiza uhulumeni ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinomqondo ngokusebenza kweNqubomgomo yeziLimi.
Amathimba olimi ayodingeka acubungule amakhono akhona olimi kanjalo namandla okuzenzela eminyangweni yawo noma ezifundazweni. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile maqondana nokuqasha, ukuqhuba Inqubo Yokuziphatha ngoLimi nokunquma izidingo nemibandela yomnyango othile noma isifundazwe.
Imikhankaso yokuqwashisa ngolimi ibalulekile ukuze umphakathi ube nentshisekelo ngezindaba ezithinta ulimi.
i ukuqinisekisa ukuqondisisa nokwazi kabanzi ngenqubomgomo kuwo onke amazinga.
Kuyoba nemikhankaso yokuqwashisa ngolimi ethile eyoqhutshwa ngamathimba ezilimi (kuZwelonke naseziFundazweni), iDAC nePanSALB. Ngokubona ubucayi beqhaza lomsebenzi wenqubomgomo lapho seyiqalile, iminyango kahulumeni/abasebenzi kuyoba yibona okugxilwa kakhulu kubo eminyakeni yokuqala emibili. Imikhankaso eqondiswe emphakathini iyokwenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Kuyosungulwa izikhangiso ezahlukene (isibonelo, izikhangiso ezifakwa emaphephandabeni nezinye izinsiza zezindaba) namaqhinga okusabalalisa ulwazi emkhankasweni ngamunye.
Emphakathini osebenzisa izilimi ezahlukene, ukuhumusha ngocingo kunika uHulumeni isu elongayo nelisebenzayo ukunciphisa ukwehlukana ngolimi nokunika ithuba lokufinyelela emisebenzini yakhe ngendlela elinganayo. Lendlela yokuhumusha ilula futhi iyonga ngoba inciphisa igebe lokwehlukana ngezindawo. Lena yindlela eyenza ohumushayo akwazi ukuletha usizo ngocingo. Ngakho, ukuhumusha ngocingo kulungele kakhulu umphakathi ofana nowase Ningizimu Afrika lapho umsebenzi wokukhuthaza izilimi ufuneka khona ngesikhathi esifushane ngaphansi kwezimo eziphuthumayo nasekusizeni amakhasimende, njengasemitholampilo naseziteshini zamaphoyisa. Lezi yizindawo lapho izilimi ezidingekayo nobude bokusiza ikhasimende bungachazeki kahle ngaphambi kwalowo msebenzi ngamunye.
IDAC imatasatasa nohlelo lwesikhashana loMsebenzi Wokuhumusha Ngocingo eNingizimu Afrika (TISSA) ngenhloso yokuphenya ukuthi ukuhumusha ngocingo eNingizimu Afrika kungaba yimpumelelo yini. Lo msebenzi usahlolwa eziteshini ezingu 70 zamaphoyisa oMbutho wamaPhoyisa aseNingizimu Afrika, emitholampilo engu 11 nasezikhungweni zokusiza umphakathi ezingu 8 ezingeni likahulumeni wasekhaya eMkhandlwini kaMasipala iTshwane.
IPanSALB isiqalile ukumisa amaNLBs azothuthukisa, akhuthaza futhi aqoke izidingonqangi zokuthuthukiswa kwezilimi iKhoe, iSan nolweziMpawu ukuze kwenyuswe isithunzi sazo. Kuyosekwa nezinye izakhiwo ezikhona ezikhuthaza intuthuko yeziLimi zeziMpawu zaseNingizimu Afrika nemisebenzi egamanxe emingceleni yamanye amazwe. Ukubambisana nababambe iqhaza yinto emqoka kakhulu kule ndima.
Imithombo yezindaba iyobamba iqhaza eliwumgogodla wokuqwashisa ngoHlaka lweNqubomgomo yoLimi. Inhloso yokusebenzisa imithombo yezindaba kuyoba wukugxila emphakathini ngenjongo yokuwufundisa ngalokho okuqukethwe yiNqubomgomo. Ulwazi ngenqubomgomo luyokwenza baqondisise amalungelo nezibophezelo zabo. Ukwenaba kwabemithombo yezindaba ezintweni zonke zeNqubomgomo yeziLimi kuyoqiniswa. Ngaphezulu kwemibhalo nezindaba ezisakazwa ngendlela ebhalwe ngokusambani, isikhungo seDAC esitholakala kukhompuyutha siyosetshenziswa ekukhangiseni ngokusebenzisa izilimi ezahlukene. Eminye iminyango kahulumeni iyokhuthazwa ukuqhakambisa izilimi ezahlukene ezikhungweni zayo ezitholakala kumakhompuyutha kanjalo nasemibhalweni eziyishicilelayo.
IDAC iyozibandakanya neSABC neminye imithombo yezindaba efana neziteshi ezizimmele zomsakazo ukuze kukhuthazwe izilimi ezahlukene. Isibonelo, njengamanje iNLS imatasatasa nomsebenzi nesiteshi somsakazo womphakathi ekuthuthukiseni ihlelo lamagama olimi.
Ucwaningo lokuqagula izindleko olwenziwe wuMnyango weZimali kuHulumeni neDAC ngonyaka ka 2001 ukhombisa ukuthi isilinganiso sezindleko zokuqhuba umsebenzi wezilimi ezahlukene yinto engasimama futhi ungahlinzekelwa ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezinkulu kwisabelo sezimali esihleliwe.
Ucwaningo lokuqagula izindleko lwenziwa ngokulandela uhlelo lokunikana ithuba emikhakheni emine yezilimi. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi lomsebenzi udinga isabelo sezimali esenyuke ngaphansana kwephesenti elilodwa. Ukusebenzisa izilimi eziyisithupha ngokulandisa kweNLPF kuyoholela ezindlekweni ezingaphezulu kancane kodwa ezingevile emaphesentini amabili.
Zonke izakhiwo zikahulumeni kuyofanele zihlinzeke ngesamba esenele sokweseka ukusebenza kweNqubomgomo yeziLimi ehambisana noHlaka Lokukhokha Izindleko zoNyaka kuya kwemiThathu (MTEF) oluyoqala ukungena ngezikhawu kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka wezimali ka 2003/4.
Amaqoqo ezindleko ezivamile ezifana Nokuphatha ihhovisi (isibonelo, izindleko zokushintshelwa kwenye indawo, ukuhamba, ukulala, ihhovisi nokukhokhela ucingo), impahla ethengwayo (imibhalo eshicilelwe, ukuloba, izincwadi, izinsiza zokubhala, izinsiza zasehhovisi) nemishini (amakhompuyutha, imishini elalelwayo, imishini yocingo) kuyoba nomthelela ezindlekweni.
Isithebe esethulwe ngezansi sikhombisa futhi siqhathanisa isilinganiso sezindleko zethimba lolimi ngokuhleleka ngesikhathi seMTEF.
Ngokubhekela ukuthi iMinyango kuyofanele isebenzise iNLPF ngokwenkambiso yeMTEF, mhlawumbe kungaba wusizo ukuchaza ukuthi yini ebandanyekayo kule nqubo. Inqubo yesabelo sezimali seMTEF iqala ngo-Mbasa ngokuklelisa phambili izinto ezifunekayo nokwenza amalungiselelo ohlaka lwesabelo sezimali. Ukulumbanisa nohlaka olubanzi lwesimo sezomnotho, inqubomgomo yesimo senzalo yezimali neDoR kwenziwa kusukela ngoNtulikazi lapho neKomidi Lokukhokha iziNdleko zoNyaka kuya Kwemithathu (MTEC) liyokwenza khona izincomo zalo. Amalungiselelo esabelo sezimali esigcwele nemibhalo ayokwenzeka ngemuva kokuba uHlaka Lokukhokha iziNdleko zoNyaka kuya Kwemithathu (MTEF) lemukeliwe ngoMfumfu 2003.
Ukuthola imithombo yezimali.
Iminyango nezifundazwe ziyoba nesibophezelo sesabelo sezimali sokuqhuba umsebenzi osuqalile weNLPF ezinhleni zokuphatha.
Abasebenzi bamaThimba eziLimi bayoqashwa yiminyango ebhekene nokuqhuba umsebenzi bese beqeqeshwa ngesikhathi besebenza yiDAC ngokubambisana nabasebenzi bePanSALB. Kuyosungulwa izinhlelo ezihleliwe zokuqeqesha (Bona 2.2.2).
Kuyoba nokwehlukana ngobukhulu bamathimba eminyango ehlukene nezifundazwe. Isibalo songcweti bolimi abafuneka ethimbeni lolimi bayosingathwa ngokulingana nezinhlelo zokushicilela kanye nesabelo sezimali somnyangwo nesifundazwe.
Ubukhulu bethimba lolimi buyonqunywa wuhlelo lomsebenzi kanjalo namakhono adingekayo ukushayela nokuqhuba umsebenzi weNqubomgomo. Isibonelo, ingosi yabasebenzi kufanele ixube abahumushi, abalungisa amaphutha embhalweni oguqulelwe kolunye ulimi, abahleli bolimi, izichazimazwi, nezazi zehlelo lamagama olimi, njalo njalo.
IDAC iyaqonda ukuthi ukuqhuba umsebenzi weNqubomgomo osuqalile kuyophonsa inselelo enkulu. Ngaleyo ndlela, iyothembela kakhulu ekubambisaneni nawo onke amaqembu abandanyekayo ukuze iphendule zonke izinhloso zibe yizenzo eziphumelelayo.
Iqhinga lokuqhuba umsebenzi lithathelwe emcabangweni wokuthi Umthetho weziLimi zaseNingizimu Afrika uyoqala ukusebenza ngoMfumfu 2003.
Hlinzeka isabelo sezimali ngendlela ekhula njalo ngonyaka ngesikhathi inqumomgomo seyiqalile (unyaka wokuqala, amaphesenti angu30, unyaka wesibili, amaphesenti angu 60, owesithathu amaphesenti angu 100).
